HDL and LDL cholesterol: Good and bad cholesterol explained
19.APR.2024
Written by Dani Roche Medically reviewed by Dr. Zara Fullerton
All of us are born with cholesterol naturally circulating in our bodies and we require a certain level of cholesterol to live a healthy life. In saying that, not all types of cholesterol are created equally, which is why it is important to know the difference between good and bad cholesterol.
Let’s talk about good cholesterol, bad cholesterol, and the differences between each type.
What is good cholesterol?
“Good cholesterol” is the non-technical term for a type of lipoprotein known as HDL or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. HDL or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is known as “good cholesterol” because it transports cholesterol and other lipids to the liver to be expelled from the body. [1]
What does good cholesterol do?
“Good cholesterol” is often referred to as such because it helps to remove cholesterol from the blood, lowering your risk of heart-related conditions such as heart disease and stroke. [1]
How is good cholesterol measured?
“Good cholesterol” or HDL cholesterol is generally measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl) or millimoles per liter (mmol/L) via a blood test. [1]
Are there ways to increase good cholesterol levels?
Regular physical activity, a balanced diet, and not smoking are all ways to improve your HDL cholesterol levels. [2]
What is bad cholesterol?
“Bad cholesterol” is the non-technical term for a type of lipid known as LDL or low-density lipoprotein.
LDL or low-density lipoprotein is known as “bad cholesterol” because it circulates through the blood-carrying cholesterol, which can attach to the artery walls. Over time, this may make artery walls narrow or become completely blocked.
How is bad cholesterol measured?
“Bad cholesterol” or LDL is also generally measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl) or millimoles per liter (mmol/L) via a blood test.
When does high bad cholesterol become dangerous?
Atherosclerosis is a condition that occurs when cholesterol builds up in the arteries. When this cholesterol begins to harden, it is known as plaque and it increases your risk of various heart conditions and stroke.
Are there ways to lower your bad cholesterol?
Eating well, exercising often, maintaining a healthy weight, and/or ceasing smoking are some of the best steps you can take to improve your overall health and cholesterol levels. In some cases, medication may be required. Talk to your healthcare provider for guidance based on your situation.
What is the difference between good and bad cholesterol?
Some differences between good and bad cholesterol summarized:
Good cholesterol helps protect against various heart conditions by transporting excess lipids out of the body.
High levels of bad cholesterol raise your risk for heart disease and stroke.
Some of the things that good and bad cholesterol share in common:
Good cholesterol and bad cholesterol are both produced in the liver.
Diet, exercise, and other lifestyle factors impact both your good and bad cholesterol levels.
Good cholesterol and bad cholesterol both carry lipids around the body.
Please note that the following is for educational use only and is not a substitute for medical advice. This content cannot diagnose or provide information about treatment. Consult with your healthcare provider if you have any concerns or need specific medical advice relating to any symptoms, conditions, diagnosis, or treatment. Do not delay seeking medical advice and do not disregard professional medical advice based on this content. Your healthcare provider can provide the most suitable guidance based on your situation.
References
1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. About cholesterol. Online: Cdc.gov 2. Mayo Clinic. HDL cholesterol: How to boost your 'good' cholesterol. Online: Mayoclinic.org 3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. LDL and HDL Cholesterol and Triglycerides. Online: Cdc.gov